Developmental History Case Study Essay

Child’s Name: Rita G.Lapid Date of Interview: November 7 2007 Date of Birth: June, 20 2003 Age of child: 4 Address: 136 Bellemont St. Greenville, Manila Phone: n/a (private purposes) School: New Jerusalem School (NJS) Grade: Pre-school, Kinder-1 Teacher: Female, Mrs. Rosia Lewer Referral Information: Why are you seeking help for this child? She has delayed language development. Who referred you to our services? NJS School Pediatrician, Ms. Emelita Zobel What kind of services are you seeking? I am seeking psychological consultation for my daughter about her delayed speech problem. PRIMARY CAREGIVER/PARENT INFORMATION Father Name: Rino S. Lapid Address (if different from mother): 136 Bellemont St. Greenville, Manila Phone: n/a Employment: Civil Engineer Length of Employment: 10 years Occupation: Engineer Highest Grade Level: College Degree, MA, PhD Stepfather: n/a Primary Language: Tagalog Secondary Language: English Mother Name: Magdalene G. Lapid Address: 136 Bellemont St. Greenville, Manila Phone: n/a Employment: none Length of Employment: n/a Occupation: Housewife Highest Grade Level: College Degree Stepmother: n/a Primary Language: Tagalog Secondary Language: English Primary Caregiver With what adults does this child live? The child resides together with her parents How long in the current living situation? The child has started this state since birth. Name of Caregiver: Magdalene G. Lapid Relationship to Child: Mother Address:136 Bellemont St. Greenville, Manila Age: 31 Home Phone: n/a Work Phone: n/a Occupation: Housewife Employer: n/a How long with present employer: n/a Highest grade Completed: College degree Primary Language: Tagalog Secondary Language: English FAMILY HISTORY Please list all brothers and sisters, and any other children living with the family Age Sex Relationship to this child living at home? Rita G. Lapid ———–Female—————–4 yrs old——————- Only child CHILD CARE If primary caregiver works outside the home, please provide the following information. Who cares for this child when caregivers are gone? The caregiver is basically the child’s mother who is a housewife. If in case the mother is gone, the father or the housemaid takes care of the child. How many hours per day is this child in a child-care setting? 5 hours per day, 4 days a week How many different people care for this child? Usually the mother takes care of the child; however, if the mother is not available, the father or housemaid assumes the role. PREGNANCY Planned pregnancy? Yes Pregnancy under doctor’s care: Yes Number of previous miscarriages: n/a Check any of the following complications that occurred during the pregnancy ______Difficulty in conception ______Toxemia _______ Abnormal weight gain ______Measles Check Excessive vomiting _______German measles Check Excessive swelling Check Emotional problems Check Vaginal bleeding ______Flu ________Anemia Check High blood pressure Rh-incompatibility: n/a Maternal injury: Describe: n/a Hospitalization during pregnancy: Reason: For consultations and routine check-up purposes X-rays during pregnancy: n/a Medications used during pregnancy: n/a Alcohol used during pregnancy: no Cigarettes during pregnancy: no Other drugs used during pregnancy: n/a Paracetamol——————————–500mg————————- As needed BIRTH At this child’s birth, what was the mother’s age? 27 yrs old Fathers Age?28 yrs old Mother’s age at birth of FIRST child? 27 yrs old Was this child born in the hospital? Yes If No, where? n/a Length of pregnancy: 9 months and 5 days Birth Weight: not remembered by mother Length of Labor: n/a Apgar Score: n/a Child’s condition at birth: normal and stable Mother’s condition at birth: normal and stable Check any of the following complications that occurred during birth: ______Forceps used ______Breech Birth ______Labor Induced Check Caesarean Delivery Other Delivery Complications: n/a Incubator: No How long? n/a Jaundiced: No Bilirubin Lights? No If Yes, How Long? n/a Breathing Problems right after birth: n/a Supplemental Oxygen: No If yes, how long? n/a Was anesthesia used during delivery? Yes If yes, what kind? n/a DEVELOPMENT At what age did this child first do the following? Please indicate year/month of age. Turn Over: 4 mos. Walk down Stairs: 1- 1 and 5 mos. yr. old Sit Alone: not observed Show interest in or attraction to sound: not observed Crawl: 9 months Understand first words: 2 yrs old Sand Alone: 2 yrs old Speak first words: 3 yrs old, (da-da, ma-ma) Walk Alone: 2 yrs old Speak in sentences: n/a Walk up Stairs: 2 yrs old Was this child breast-fed? No When weaned? n/a Was this child bottle-fed? Yes When weaned? n/a When was this child toilet trained? 2 yrs old Days: vary Nights: vary Did bed wetting occur after toilet training? Yes If yes, until what age? 3 yrs. old Did bed-soling occur after toilet training? No Has this child experienced any of the following problems? If yes, please describe. Walking difficulty: No Unclear Speech: Yes My daughter’s speech is somewhat delayed. She only speaks the words ma-ma or da-da, but she still cannot forms any phrase.   In addition, she started speaking these words very late. Sleep Problem: No Feeding Problem: No Underweight Problem: No Eating Problem: No Overweight Problem: No Colic: No Difficulty learning to Ride a Bike: Yes My daughter is having a hard time riding her bicycle. She seems to play with it but not like any other kids. She just stairs on it, touches it and every time we place her on the bike, she gets disappointed. It is a bit weird to have a behavior like that. Difficulty Learning to Skip: Yes I have not seen her skipping ever since. I don’t know why. She only plays with her dolls and seems to be introvert in terms of her behavior. Difficulty Learning to Throw and Catch: Yes She does not play throw and catch. If a ball for example is thrown to her, she just looks at it and dodges it. During this child’s first four (4) years, were any special problems noted in the following areas? If yes, please describe. Eating: No Motor skills: Yes She moves less frequently and does not show any active participation in school, other children or even inside the house. She just plays with her dolls, which seems to be her only world. Sleeping too much: No Temper tantrums: No Excessive crying: No Sleeping too little: No Failure to thrive: No Separating from parents: No Which hand does this child used for writing or drawing? Right Eating? Right Has this child been forced to change writing hand? No MEDICAL HISTORY Childhood Illnesses/Injuries Please check the illnesses this child has had and indicate age, year and month Measles: No  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Rheumatic fever: No German measles: No Diphtheria: No Mumps: No Meningitis: No Chicken pox: No Encephalitis: No Tuberculosis: No Anemia: No Whooping Cough: No Fever above 1040: No Scarlet Fever: No Broken bone: No Head injury: No Sustained high fever: No Coma or any loss of consciousness: No Illness/Operations Has this child ever been on any medication for six months or more? No Please indicate whether this child currently has any of the following problems. Respiratory Cardiovascular Gastrointestinal ______Frequent colds  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­_______Shortness of breath _______Excessive vomiting ____Chronic cough ___Dizziness with physical exertion _____Frequent diarrhea ________Asthma ________Activity limited due to heart _______Constipation ______ Hay fever ________Condition ______Stomach pain ______Sinus condition ______Heart murmur Genitourinary Musculosketetal Neurological Check Urination in pants/bed _______Muscle pain ______Seizures/convulsions ______Pain while urinating ________Clumsy walk Check Speech defects ______ Excessive urination Check Poor posture _______Bites nails ______Strong odor to urine _______ Other muscle problems _____Sucks thumb ______Tics/twitches______ Bangs head Check Rocks back and forth Allergies Skin ________Allergy to medicine 0Frequent rashes ________Allergy to Food 0Bruises easily ________Bowel movements in other allergies _____ Sores _____ Pants/bed _____Severe acne _____ Itchy skin (Eczema) Speech Hearing Vision ______Stuttering ______ Ear infections ______ Vision problems Check Unclear speech ______ Hearing problems ______ Glasses/contacts Delayed speech Other speech problems _______Ear tubes Date of most recent speech exam: August 20, 2007 Date of most recent hearing exam: n/a Date of most recent vision exam: n/a MEDICAL CARE Child’s Physician: Emilta Zobel How often does child see doctor? My daughter is having her check-up twice every 6 months since last year. Is this child currently on medication? No Has this child ever been physically or sexually abused or neglected? No Has this child ever had psychological counseling or therapy? No Has this child ever had a neurological exam? No Has this child ever had a psychological or psychiatric exam? No Developmental Analysis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Starting out with the brief background, the client is the only child of the couple with one housemaid living together in the capital city of Manila. The child, having the primary concern of language development delays, has been recommended by the school pediatrician for a psychological consultation. The primary breadwinner of the family is the father who is actually a civil engineer, while the mother resides solely in the house as the housewife. The care of the child is distributed among the three individuals in the house; however, the primary care is given by the mother herself. The child is studying in a private school, NJS, in a kinder-1 preschool level.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the initial statement mentioned by the mother, the child is said to be having delayed speech problem; however, other fields of child development are normal in the case of the child. Upon assessment of care delivery, it has been concluded that the child receives specific parental attention of the mother in the child’s earliest years. The care of the child is subjected to three important personas with housemaid as the last option of care facilitator. In such case, we can conclude that the care needed by the child is adequately provided by appropriate significant individuals. There have been no conception anomalies noted in the assessment phase; hence, clinical or congenital contributors are most likely negative in terms of child condition effect. However, the mother has had excessive swelling, emotional problems due to personal reasons, slight vaginal bleeding noted and occurrence of high blood pressure. Some of these signs and symptoms are most commonly associated with pre-eclamptic effect (Erickson, 2005 p.23), although the mother has not indicated any possible diagnosis of pre-eclampsia during pregnancy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Language development can be affected by drug intake during period of pregnancy especially during times of critical brain development particularly during the 1st quarter of the pregnancy (Johnson & Eviritt, 2000 p.216); however, the only medicine that has been noted is Paracetamol, which apparently is not anymore significant since the intake is only during times of fever. In addition, the pregnancy has not suffered any significant medical difficulties aside from the following mentioned.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Analyzing now the developmental features of the child, the speech developmental delays are the evident features of the child. The child has spoken her first words at the age of 3 yrs old, which is supposed to be less than one year old. Moreover, the child has not spoken any complete phrase, but only baby-talk words, da-da or ma-ma. The mother mentioned that the child speaks less frequently, which is contrary to the normal language development of a child that is, supposedly, speaking more than 2000 words at the age of one (Philipps & Guilherme, 2004 p.12). During the assessment of the cues that might participate in the relationship of such effect, other behavioral alterations are observed. The child manifests inappropriate introvert behaviors that are usually found in some delayed psychological and/ or mental impaired condition. The child is having difficulties riding bicycle as well as skipping; however, the problem, basically, is not due to motor impairments but rather due to substantial cognitive and psychological in the essence. Other associated problems are not evident in the child, especially physical in origin. Another manifesting deviation on the child’s behavior is primarily related on her social character. The child enters school with other kids; however, as stated by the mother, the child possesses an isolative behavior that tends to remove her attention towards mingling with other kinds. Instead, the child focuses imaginative play in an object, particularly her doll. If we analyzed the given statement in terms of part records, the child has never had any negative experiences in the past, such as trauma, rape or accident, which may have caused this certain behavior. The client has never had any physical impairment or a disease that may have contributes to this psychological manifestations. Moreover, the child is not into medication, treatment procedures or psychological supervision that aims to take hold of the situation. In fact, this is the first time that the child is having her psychological assessment; however, she has had initial check-ups that resulted to referral for psychological examination. In addition to the client’s assessment, she also possesses poor postural features noted on her back, and urination in bed, although this has been alleviated just recently through trainings. Moreover, the client has manifested enigmatic behavior such as rocking back and forth with less perception on her environment. Discussing now possible disorder pathology, the case of the patient has wide range of possibilities in terms of disorder development. The following two conditions are the closest; however, still requires further validation and assessment of the client features. The first is the possibility of Asperser’s Syndrome progression, which is primarily evident due to her poor social capacity, delayed language progression and imaginative play with enigmatic behavioral flaws. Second, is language development delay, which involves the primary concern of the patient that is speech delay. In the analysis of possible Asperger’s syndrome development, the patient involves the primary signs of the condition such as the impairments in language, social participations and imaginative play. However, the only validated impairment is the speech delay. Other impairments are resulted by the parental observation, which apparently, still requires further assessment on the child. The child may exhibit these behaviors as due to situational causation, which happens to be unfamiliar with the parents, or a behavioral altering family situation that displaces the normal behavior of the child. This may be difficult to diagnose as of now since, the case of the child does not support the major and specific behaviors associated with the condition. Although if the child progresses in this type of developmental pattern, she may acquire maladaptive behavior such as introversion, social self-degradation, self-infliction, and worst of all, further progression towards Asperger’s condition. In terms of language development delay, the child maybe be evidently having such developmental deficit; however, other symptoms are contradicting the statement, since behavioral isolation is not present if the case is solely language development problem. However, the possibility is still there that the child is just experiencing this development lag, and with further trainings, can help improve language development. The following implications are based on critical interpretation and analysis of the gathered data from the psychological assessment history taking. It does not, however, conclude that the client possess the featured conditions. Although, this are the possibilities that may incur to the child if behavioral patterns progress. References Erickson, T. (2005). Pediatric Toxicology: Diagnosis and Management of the Poisoned Child. McGraw-Hill Professional. Johnson, M., & Eviritt, M. J. (2000). Essentials in Reproduction. Blackwell Publishing. Philipps, A. M., & Guilherme, M. (2004). Critical Pedagogy: Political Approaches to Language and Intercultural Development. Multilingual Matters.